In this lecture,we tried to go deep in the details of how the renaissance architecture developed from the term “ rebirth”, which derived from idea that the architecture of period adapted the elements from past such as Byzantine and Classical architecture.In contrast, the architectures are presented themselves in the different languages according to the context of each era as architectures changing from sacred to profane spaces.
In the ancient period, people tend to celebrated the use of “anthropomorphism” which applied to the architecture since the Roman period. The proportion that derived from man become the rational norm and standard in order to create architecture, for instance the the proportion of columns. In the high Renaissance era, we can see the clearly example of how proportion of man become the embodiment in the architecture through the drawing by Leonardo da Vinci: the “ Vitruvian man”. However, the purposes of the “rebirth” and “reuse” architectures were difference from the original purpose;therefore, the function of architectures were changed over time.
Looking back to the history of the Egypt architectures, we can see that the pyramid is created with no interior function because pyramid is a representational of worshiping god and celebration life after death. The interior space become sacred space which does not allow people to go in. As well as, the concept of Pathenon in Roman period. The building was dedicated for the celebration of the Athena God, which make the building was strictly rely on the man proportion as a representational relationship between man and god. They attempt to achieve the perfect architecture as house of god by carefully calculate the human proportion to accomplished the perfect symmetrical and accurate architecture to show the respect to god , therefore, the architecture mean in a sacred way.
In Renaissance period, for example, Bramente. He used the proportion and symmetry as a basic idea to form the building's plan .The building generated from the basic idea of creating sacred space for worshiping the Christian god.Also , we can also see clearly example from he great architecture of the Renaissance period, Michelangelo. In contrast with Bramente ,he introduced the use of Mannerist style into his work the “ Laurentian library”. The building raised the controversially to idea of perfection and symmetry in architecture. The function of the elements in the building become ambiguity whether it is really functional or just decoration elements. But if we actually look closely, the plan of the building is still based on the fundamentally of Renaissance Vitruvian principles.
“ Beauty shall result from order and from the relationship of the whole to the individual parts, of the parts to each other and of the parts back to the whole,.....” This is the quote by Andrea Palladio. He emphasized this idea through the building design of “Villa rotonda, near Vicenza”. The plan of the building is a square with an inscribed circle. The columned porticos in the form of classical temple fronts stand on all four idea of the square.Moreover, the regularity of the exterior is matched by the arrangement of the interior around the circular domed hall. This building showing that the idea of perfect building is does not only use in the sacred space for celebration of god, but the principle of human proportion and symmetry is being use in the man residential , or in profane space. The classical principle is revival in order to create for man to celebrated the standard of beauty in the building perfection ,as well as for celebrating the potential of human.
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